关键词：未成年人保护，司法社会工作服务规范，青少年权益保护
今天（7月31日），由上海市青少年服务和权益保护办公室、上海市阳光青少年社区事务中心、上海市益扬青少年社会工作促进中心、上海市高级人民法院、上海市人民检察院、上海市公安局、上海市社会工作者协会参与起草《未成年人司法社会工作服务规范》（以下简称《规范》）正式发布，这是全国首个未成年人司法社会工作服务领域的省级地方标准，将从今年10月1日起实施。
《规范》将犯罪预防提前，在服务对象中增加了“有不良行为的未成年人、有严重不良行为的未成年人”，及时起到“悬崖勒马”的效果。无论是如何预防未成年人犯罪，还是调节未成年人心理，在这则《规范》中都一一罗列。据司法机关统计，近年来，上海年均批准逮捕涉罪未成年人200余人，未成年人智力发展、辨别能力和自控能力尚未成熟，提前干预的意义不辨自明。在《规范》中，首条服务原则便是以最有利于未成年人为先——“尊重未成年人人格尊严，给予未成年人特殊、优先保护，采取教育和保护相结合的方式开展适应未成年人身心发展规律和特点的服务。”对于未成年人的保护，只有根据青少年的需求“对症下药”，才能取得实际效果。
《规范》包含了针对触法未成年人分阶段、情景式、个性化的服务，联动司法保护和社会保护。此外，《规范》也涵盖对社会工作者的规范与约束。例如，以地方标准的权威确认社会工作者地位、增加社工的认可度，推动建立未成年人司法社会工作质量监控及评估体系，提升未成年人司法社会工作者专业性和服务品质，促进社会工作者参与司法保护社会工作的岗位细化改革等。
评论：
《未成年人司法社会工作服务规范》的发布旨在为未成人司法保护搭建更加完善的社会支持体系。由于未成年人的心智不够成熟，鉴别能力有限，因此将犯罪预防提前是有必要且有意义的举措。《规范》的制定整合了上海对未成年人司法保护的实际需求以及相关的政策和制度，也结合了未成年人司法社会工作的相关实践经验。《规范》的发布有助于规范和约束社会工作者，明确这类社工的身份和地位，进而提升未成年人司法社会工作者的专业性和服务品质，有利于推动未成年人保护，也可以让社会工作者有更多的获得感。
原文链接：
http://dzb.whb.cn/2020-07-31/2/detail-694107.html
撰稿：洪文轩
翻译：白欣悦
编辑：宗诺瑶
Shanghai Released the “Juvenile Judicial and Social Work Service Standards”
Key words: Juvenile delinquency, Judicial and social work service standards, protection of juvenile rights and interests
On July 31st, the “Juvenile Judicial and Social Work Service Standards” (hereinafter referred to as the “Standards”), jointly drafted by Shanghai Youth Service and Rights Protection Office, Shanghai Sunshine Youth Community Affairs Center, Shanghai Yiyang Youth Social Work Promotion Center, Shanghai High People’s Court, Shanghai People’s Procuratorate, Shanghai Municipal Public Security Bureau and Shanghai Social Workers Association, was officially released. This is the country’s first provincial standard in the field of juvenile justice and social work services and will be in effect on October 1st this year.
The “Standards” advances crime prevention and adds “minors with bad behaviors”, “minors with serious bad behaviors” into the service objects, so as to achieve the effect of “pulling them back from the brink” in a timely manner. The “Standards” sets out not only the juvenile crime prevention, but also the adjustment of juvenile psychological state. According to the statistics from judicial organs, in recent years, Shanghai approves the arrest of more than 200 minors involving in crimes on average every year. The intellectual development, discernment and self-control of minors are not yet mature, hence the significance of early intervention is self-evident. In the “Standards”, the first service principle is to give priority to the benefits of minors: “Respect the personal dignity of minors, give minors special and prioritized protection, and adopt a combination of educational and protective methods to provide services that adapt to the rules and characteristics of minors’ physical and mental development.” Regarding the protection of the minors, only by “suiting the remedy to the case” according to the needs of teenagers can practical results be achieved.
The “Standards” includes situational and personalized services for minors in violation of the law at different stages, linking judicial protection and social protection. Besides, the “Standards” also covers the norms for and restriction on social workers. For instance, it confirms the status of social workers with the authority of local standards and increases the recognition of social workers; it promotes the establishment of a quality monitoring and evaluation system for juvenile judicial and social work; it improves the professionalism and service quality of juvenile social workers, and promotes the participation of social workers in job refinement reform of judicial protection and social work.
Comment:
The promulgation of the “Juvenile Judicial and Social Work Service Standard” aims to build a better social support system for the judicial protection of minors. Because minors’ minds are not mature enough and their identification ability is limited, it is necessary and meaningful to advance crime prevention. The formulation of the “Standards” integrates Shanghai’s actual needs for juvenile judicial protection and relevant policies and systems, as well as relevant practical experience in juvenile judicial and social work. The promulgation of the “Standards” helps to standardize and restrict social workers, to clarify their identity and status, thus improving the professionalism and service quality of juvenile judicial and social workers, promoting the protection of minors, and also enabling social workers to have more sense of acquisition.
Reference:
http://dzb.whb.cn/2020-07-31/2/detail-694107.html
Writer: Wenxuan Hong
Translator: Xinyue Bai
Editor: Nuoyao Zong
